Weaving loom



Nov. 11, 1969 5. oss ETAL WEAVING LOOM 4 Sheets-$heet 1 Filed NOV. 14,1967 Fig.1

R. H. ROSSMANN ET AL 3,477,475

Nov. 11, 1969 WEAVING LOOM 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 14, 1967 Nov. 11,1969 R. H. ROSSMANN ET AL 3,477,475

WEAVING LOOM Filed NOV. 14, 1967 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig. 3

Nov. 11, 1969 R. H. ROSSM-ANN ET AL. 3,477,475

WEAVING LOOM 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 14, 196'? NM mm 5 w mm UnitedStates Patent US. Cl. 139-12 18 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Anarrangement on a weaving loom for the actuation or control of reed dentlamellae which extend through the shed, including a bearing spindleextending perpendicular to the warp threads, the lamellae being arrangedalong said bearing spindle and being individually pivotal about thespindle, and a guide means for preventing lateral bending of the reeddent lamellae, the guide means lncludmg laminar guide elements arrangedbetween the reed dent lamellae.

The present invention relates to an arrangement on a weaving loom forthe actuation or control of reed dents or teeth, which extend throughthe shed, having a bearing spindle extending parallel to the directionof movement of the shuttle through the shed, said reed teeth beingarranged along the length of the spindle and being individually pivotalabout the spindle, and means for preventing lateral bending of the reedteeth.

In so-called multiphase weaving, a multiplicity of shuttles travelssimultaneously through the shed. Between every two shuttles followingone after the other, the shed must be changed and the weft yarn must bebeaten up. It is already known to provide reed dents or reed teeth alonga spindle extending parallel to the direction of movement of theshuttles, about which said reed teeth are pivotal, the yarn beat upbeing effected by means of the reed teeth. It is also already known toshape the shuttles in such manner that the reed dents, during theirmovement in the direction towards the cloth beat-up, press against aside or edge of the shuttles which extends obliquely relatively to thedirection of movement of the shuttles, in this way imparting forwardmovement to the said shuttles.

With this kind of arrangement of reed teeth lamellae, they must be keptthin in the direction of the axis of the spindle. On the other hand,however, they are required, both in respect of their function as reeddents and also in respect of their function as a means for driving theshuttles, to exert a noteworthy force. Particularly in effecting theirsecond function, there is a danger that the lamella-like teeth or reeddens may, when exerting pressure on the oblique shuttle edge, bend inthe direction transversely of their longitudinal extension.

This disadvantage is overcome by the present invention. Thus, thisinvention contemplates an arrangement on a weaving loom in which thereed teeth lamellae are arranged between guide elements of laminardesign to prevent lateral bending thereof.

The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference toexemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 shows an arrangement according to the invention, in itsposition on the loom, in perspective view;

FIGURE 2 shows the arrangement according to the invention, in anenlarged perspective view of an end portion showing details ofconstruction;

FIGURE 3 shows a section taken along the dot-dash line III-III of FIGURE2, and

FIGURE 4 shows another embodiment of the arrangement in elevationcorresponding to a section that would be taken along the dot-dash lineIVIV of FIGURE 2.

In all the figures, like reference numerals designate like elements.

The loom shown in perspective in FIGURE 1 has the warp beam 11. The warpthreads 12 extend from the beam over the direction-reversing rollers 13and 14 and a warp stop motion 15 and about a shed compensating roller16. By means of a dobby arrangement (not shown) having substantiallyhorizontal shafts, the warp threads 12 are, immediately after passingthe shed compensating roller 16, subjected to shed formation; an openshed being provided at the point of each shuttle 18 and shed shiftingtaking place between every two adjacent shuttles 18. This position ofthe material is indicated in the drawings by an appropriate hatching.

The shed formed by the horizontal shafts (not shown) is designated bythe reference numeral 17. For the purpose of weaving, there is amultiplicity of shuttles 18 which are moving simultaneously and oneafter the other through the shed. The shuttles are moved forwards by thedent lamellae 19 (see also FIGURE 2). The lamellae serve also for thebeating up of the weft threads inserted against the cloth beat-up 60.The guiding of the shuttles 18 in the shed 17 is effected by means ofthe warp threads 12. The lamellae 19 are built into the arrangement orapparatus 20 whereof the part 28 is fast on the loom frame 29.

The arrangement 20 is further shown in detail in FIG- URE 2. Forproducing the movement of the dent lamellae 19, there are two wormshafts 21 and 22. When the worm shafts 21, 22 rotate, the dent lamellae19 are pivoted in such manner that each lamella 19 lags behind the onearranged after it by a small amount. In this way the entirety of thelamellae forms a wave movement which propagates from the right (inFIGURE 1) towards the left and by means of which the shuttles 18 areentrained. The woven cloth 23 is wound up on the cloth beam 26 over thetake-up roller 24 and the pressing-on roller 25. Reference numeral 27diagrammatically indicates a templet.

The detailed view given in FIGURE 2 of the arrangement 20 again showsthe lamellae 19, the worms 21 and 22 and the fixed machine element 28.Provided between the individual dent lamellae 19 are, according to theinvention, guide elements 30 arranged in such manner that a guideelement 30 is arranged on both sides of each dent lamella 19. This isshown by way of example for the dent lamella 19a, wherein the guideelement 30a is disposed on one side and the guide element 30b on theother side. The dent lamellae 19 are pivotal about the pivot 48 which iscommon to all of them. The guide elements 30 are formed with aperturesthrough which rods 31, 32, 33 and 34 are transversely drawn. These rodsserve for retaining the guide elements 30 and connect the entiretythereof to constitute an assembly of guide elements. The individualelements 30 are furthermore retained with precisely predetermined mutualspacing by spacing elements 35. The spacing elements 35 are, in thisexample, formed by spiral wires, as shown with reference to the rod 31.This rod has the wire spiral 35 wound about it.

The two worm shafts 21 and 22 are pivotally mounted on the metal element36. The element 36, on the other hand, is secured by screws 37 (of whichonly one is shown) in releasable fashion on the machine part 28. Theguide elements 30 are formed in the forward and upper portion with arecess 38 by which they may be fitted over the projection 39 on themachine part 28. For securing the guide elements 30 to the part 28 insitu (38, 39) use is made of the rail 40, the entire length of which isnot shown and which can be clamped fast by readily releasable wingedscrews, only one of which, 41, is shown.

In order to secure the guide elements 30, at their rear end, to themachine part 28, an assembly is provided which, in order that it maymore readily be understood, is further shown in FIGURE 3 as a sectiontaken along the line III-III of FIGURE 2. The guide elements 30 are, atthe position of this cross-section, held together by the rod 34. Thespiral wire 42 is provided about the rod as a spacing member. Anotherrail 44 is secured to the machine part 28 by means of readily releasablewing screws, of which only one screw 43 is shown in FIGURE 2. The rail44 carries, by means of the screws 45, the carrier members 46, each ofwhich is, for example, shaped as a cube. Formed in each of the elements46 is a bore and a rod 47 extends through the bores. The guide elements30, which are disposed at the position of the carrier members 46, are sopunched-out that from the rear and from below they extend only as far asthe carrier members 46. (As already mentioned, the guide elements 30 areconnected by the rods 31 to 34 to form an entire assembly.) Theremaining guide elements 30, that is, those positioned between carriers46, are, however, so dimensioned that they extend over or beyond thezones located laterally of the carriers 46 and thus reach as far as therail 44 (note FIGURE 4). These elements are therefore also retained bythe rod 47 mounted in carriers 46. In this way, the assembly of theguide elements is supported by the rod 47 and the rod is supported bythe carriers 46. The carriers 46 are, on the other hand, secured by thescrews 45 to the rail 44 and the rail is secured by the wing screws 43to the fixed machine part 28. The entire arrangement or the assembly ofguide elements 30 is thus secured by the screws, in readily releasablemanner, to the machine part 28.

During the operation of the loom, the worm shafts 21, 22 are rotated. Inthis way, the dent lamellae 19 which, as shown in FIGURE 2, bearpermanently at one contact point in each case against the worm shafts21, 22, are so guided by the shafts that they carry out a pivotingmovement about their bearing spindle 48. In this manner, they carry out,in their entirety, a wave-like movement which, in FIGURES l and 2,travels from the right towards the left. By corresponding shaping of theshuttles 18, in particular by giving the said shuttles a rear edgeextending obliquely towards the right in the upward direction, theshuttles are displaced towards the left by the wave-like movement of thedent lamellae, meanwhile receiving from the entirety of warp threads 12a form of guiding by which they remain Within the shed. At the uppermostpoint of the movement of the dent lamellae 19, they beat up the threadsemerging out of the shuttles against the cloth edge 60 (FIGURE 1). Forthe sake of clarity, neither the shed nor the shuttles have been shownin FIGURE 2.

Thus, since the dent lamellae 19 are required to produce the movement ofthe shuttles 18 towards the left, there is a danger that they may bebent. In order to prevent this possibility of bending, according to theinvention the guide elements 30 are provided. By appropriate selectionof the spacing elements 35 and 42 and of the spacing elements (notshown) about the rods 32 and 33, the result is achieved that the spacingbetween the adjacent guide elements 30 is greater by a minimum amountthan the thickness of the dent lamellae 19. In this way, the freemovability of the lamellae 19 is maintained and they are protectedagainst lateral bending. If, as shown in this embodiment of theinvention, each dent lamella 19 is disposed between two guide elements30, then the supplementary advantage is achieved that the adjacentlamellae are not able to adhere together. With adhesion of this kind,there is a danger that lamellae may, during their movement, draw with orentrain the adjacent lamellae and in this way detrimentally influencethe accuracy of the wave movement of the lamellae 19 and therewith thecalm movement of the shuttle 18.

In order to build up the assembly formed from the guide elments 30 andthe dent lamellae 19 on the machine, the guide elements 30 are firstconnected with the rail 44 by the screw 45. Then, the slots 38 arepushed over the projection 39. In this position, the assembly may besuspended from the projection 39, in which case it would not be in thehorizontal position shown but would hang downwardly. For the purpose ofsecuring the assembly, it is then pressed against the fixed machine part28 at the position of the rail 44. In this way, the wing screws 43 maythen be inserted. As a further step, the rail 40 is placed in positionand is secured to the fixed part 28 by the wing screws 41. By thesemeans, the ends of the guide elements 30, located above the slot 38, areclamped fast between the projection 39 and the rail '40. In this way, asimple mode of securing the assembly formed from the guide elements 30and the dent lamellae 19 is achieved. This mode of securing has aboveall the advantage that the assembly can readily be built up and readilydismantled. The dimantling is effected in the reverse sequencerelatively to the assembly sequence just described.

The following procedure is used for the insertion of the individual dentlamellae 19: 'First, positioning rods are pushed through the apertures50, 51 and 52. Then, the dent lamellae 19 are pushed in between theguide elements and are so pressed-on that they bear against the rods 50,51 and 52. In this way, the apertures in the lamellae 19 are positionedin a straight line for the hearing spindle 48, so that the bearingspindle 48 can be drawn through. Then, the positioning rods 50, 51 and52 can be taken out.

For the insertion of a wire spiral 35 serving as a spacer element, thespiral 35 is pressed-in at the position of the corresponding rod, forexample the rod 31, between the guide elements 30. The rod 31 is pushedforwardly somewhat and, simultaneously with the further pushingforwardof the rod 31, the spiral 35 is pressed in further between the elements30. Correction of the spiral 35 parallel to the edges of the guideelements 30 is therefore quite readily possible. The same applies alsoto the rod 34 and to the wire spiral 42 shown in FIGURE 3, and also tothe remaining spacers and rods 32 and 33.

As already mentioned, it is the purpose of the guide elements 30 toprevent the bending of the dent lamellae 19. In order to prevent suchbending still more satisfactorily, FIGURE 4 shows a further embodimentof the guide elements 30. This figure constitutes an elevational viewcorresponding to a cross'section of the embodiment at the position ofthe dot-dash line IVIV of FIGURE 2. In FIGURE 4, the dent lamellae 19 isshown in full lines in its yarn beating-up position. It is pressed intothis position by the worm shafts 21, 22. Shown in broken lines is thedent lamella 19, constituting the other extreme position of the dentlamella 19. FIGURE 4 shows furthermore the already-described metal part36 for retaining the worm shafts 21 and 22, a screw for securing theblock 36 on the machine part 28, one of the wing screws 41 and 43 forsecuring the rail 40 or 44, one of the screws 45 carrying the carrier 46with the rod 47, the rods 31, 32, 33 and 34 for retaining the guideelements 30, the bearing spindle 48 for the dent lamellae 19, and alsothe positioning apertures 50, 51 and 52. This figure also shows the shed17, a shuttle 18 traveling therein, the cloth beat-up 60 and the cloth23.

According to this embodiment of the invention, the additional guideelements 54 are provided. They are, as can be seen in the figure,disposed on the side of the shed 17 positioned opposite the bearingspindle 48 and extend directly up to the position adopted by the outerwarp threads when the shed is open. Guide elements 54 are connected bymeans of a connecting member 63 with the guide elements 30 present onthe inner side of the shed 17, Le. in each case one inner element 30 andone outer element 54 are manufactured from a single piece of material,preferably from a single fiat piece of material. Due to the shapeprovided by the parts 30, 63 and 54, the result is achieved that thedent lamellae 19 are guided also on the outer side of the shed 17. Theedge 49 is advantageously so designed that it takes up its position inthe immediate vicinity of the rear warp threads of the open shed 17. Inthis way, a supplementary guide for the shuttles 18 is achieved, bymeans of which any possibility of the shuttle 18 moving out of the shedis a rearward direction is avoided. Analogously, it is of courseadvisable to dispose the edges 55 of theguide elements 54 as near aspossible to the position obtained with the shed 17 open of the forwardwarp threads, in order that travel-out of the shuttle 18 in the forwarddirection (i.e. to the left as viewed in FIGURE 4) may be avoided.

Advantageous materials for the guide elements 30 are hard-rolledaluminum sheet, plastic coated metal sheet or plastic plates reinforcedwith fabric or glass fibres. The elements 30 are advantageouslypunched-out in a single working step.

According to a further form of embodiment, only the guide elements 54are provided. In this case, there are formed in the elements 54apertures (shown in broken lines at their ends) through which rods 61and 62 are pushed in the manner already described for the rods 31 to 34.The elements 54 are retained with prior-described mutual spacing fromeach other by spacing elements in order that the free mobility of thelamellae 19 between the elements 54 may be assured. The assembly thusformed can be joined to the loom frame in readily releasable manner. Inthe case of this form of embodiment, neither the connecting member 63nor the elements 30 are provided. With this arrangement, the dentlamellae 19 are held with mutual spacing by means of spacing discsattached on the bearing spindle 48.

Yet a further embodiment of the invention comprises a form of designwhereby the greater part of the guide elements is shaped in the mannerof the elements 30 shown in FIGURE 2. Individual guide elements, whichare arranged with predetermined regular spacing, have howeveradditionally the connecting member 63 shown in FIGURE 4 and the secondelement 54 carried thereby. With this further embodiment, there areprovided over the length of 'a shuttle at least three and on the averageapproximately five such guide elements of the latter type. Theseelements, which have the shape corresponding to the parts 30, 63 and 54,are inserted with the predetermined spacing between the guide elementshaving the shape of part 30 only. In this form of the embodiment, withthe guide elements delimiting the shed on both sides, the result isachieved that travel-out of the shuttle in a forward direction out ofthe shed is avoided without thereby hindering the view of the shuttlestraveling through the shed.

When an assembly of guide elements 30 has been formed, after thedrawing-through of the rods 31, 32, 33 and 34 and after the insertion ofthe spiral spacing elements 35, 42 (FIGURE 2), it is possible that theguide elements 30 may exhibit a degree of looseness. In order toeliminate such looseness, the points about the spiral spacing member 35,42 or the entire lower surface of the assembly of guide elements 30 areembedded in a hardenable composition. An advantageous method of carryingthis into effect consists in dipping the assembly to a certain degree,for example approximately 2 mm., in a hardenable material, using a tank.As this is done, probably due to capillary effect, there accumulatesabout the spirals 35 and 42 somewhat more of the hardenable materialthan Epoxide resin has been found to be suitable as the hardenablecomposition.

While the novel features of the invention have been shown and describedand are pointed out in the appended claims, it is to be understood thatvarious omissions, substitutions and changes in construction andarrangement of the features shown and described may be made by thoseskilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention.

What is claimed is:

1. An arrangement on a weaving loom for the actuation of reed dentlamellae that extend through a shed formed by warp threads on the loomcomprising a bearing spindle extending perpendicular to the warpthreads, a plurality of reed dent lamellae arranged along the length ofthe bearing spindle and individually pivotable about said spindle, eachof said reed dent lamellae having a narrow elongated body with anopening at one end through which said spindle extends and being of asuflicient length that its other end extends permanently through theshed of warp threads, means for pivoting said reed dent lamellae aboutsaid spindle in such a manner that the lamellae act to drive a pluralityof shuttles through the shed and to beat up the weft thread inserted bysaid shuttles, the forces imparting the pivotal movement to said reeddent lamellae and the forces driving the shuttles through the shedacting on each of said lamellae at an angle to said elongated body, andguide means including laminar guide elements arranged between the reeddent lamellae for preventing lateral bending of said reed dent lamellae,each of said guide elements extending at least from a position adjacentto the means imparting pivotal movement to the reed dent lamellae to aposition immediately adjacent the shed formed by said warp threads.

2. The arrangement of claim 1 in which each dent lamella is arrangedbetween two guide elements.

3. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the bearing spindle extendsparallel to the direction of the movement of the shuttle and is mountedin the guide elements.

4. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements are combinedtogether to form an assembly by rods extending transversely through theguide elements, and are retained with predetermined reciprocal spacingby spacer members surrounding said rods.

5. The arrangement of claim 4 in which the spacer members are formed byspiral wires wound around the rods.

6. The arrangement of claim 4 in which at least a portion of the guideelements is coupled with securing members extending transversely thereofand the said securing members are secured by means of a readilyreleasable con necting means to the frame of the loom.

7. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements extend fromthe bearing spindle directly up to the position adopted, when the shedis open, by the inner warp threads, said inner warp threads being thoseadjacent to the bearing spindle.

8. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements extend overthe ends of the reed dent lamellae positioned opposite the shedrelatively to the bearing spindle.

9. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the reed dent lamellae extendover the shed in the direction away from the bearing spindle and theguide elements are disposed on the side of the shed opposite the bearingspindle.

10. The arrangement of claim 9 in which the guide elements extenddirectly up to the position adopted by the outer warp threads when theshed is open.

11. The arrangement of claim 1 in which at least individual guideelements have portions that extend on both sides of the shed and arejoined together by connecting means extending through the shed betweenthe warp threads.

12. The arrangement of claim 11 in which the guide elements havingportions extending on both sides of the shed are distributed withregular spacing along the shed, the number of the last mentioned guideelements being so calculated that at least three of them are providedover a distance equal to the length of a shuttle.

13. The arrangement of claim 1 in which said guide elements haveapertures for the passing-through of positioning rods and the lamellaehave bearing bores for securing said bearing spindle, the apertures onsaid guide elements being so arranged that when the reed dent lamellaeare disposed on the positioning rods, the lamellae take up, with theirhearing bores, a position at the position of the bearing spindle.

14. The arrangement of claim 1 material.

15. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements consist ofplastic plates reinforced with fibers.

' 16. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements are madefrom a stamped piece of material.

17. The arrangement of claim 1 in which the guide elements aremaintained with mutual spacing by a hardenable material applied betweenthem.

18. The arrangement of claim 17 in which the hardenable material isprovided, to a predetermined depth, be-

in which the guide tween the guide elements, at least along one lateralface,

determined by identically-positioned edges of the guide elements of anassembly formed by the guide elements.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES German printedapplication, Rossmann 1,162,294.

JAMES KEE CHI, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 139188 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3, 77, 7? Dated November 11,1969 Inventor(s) Rudolf H. Rossman and Edgar Strauss It is certifiedthat error appears in the above-identified patent and that said LettersPatent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 1, line 58, the word "dens" should read --dents--. Column 5, line12, the word "is", first occurrence, should be changed to --in--. Column7, line 1 before "material" insert --elements are made of hard-rolledaluminum sheet--.

SIGNED AND SEALER WU AM Mum," mull. .m- Alufing Offier flomissioner ofPatents ORM PO-IOSO (10-69) USCOMM-DC scan-Pan Q U S GOVERNNENY PRINTINGOFFICE IQ. O-SiG-SSI

